Device for heating railroad-cars



2 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

- W. MARTIN.

DEVICE FOR HEATING RAILROAD (JARS.

Patented Nov. 7, 1882.

o omowomo WI TJV' ESSES IJV'V'ENTOR M .Httorney. I

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

W. MARTIN,

DEVICE FOR HEATING RAILROAD CARS.

Patented Nov. 7, 1882.

JNAJH J J2 v: Egg;

INVENTOR UNITED STATES PATIENT, OFFICE.

WILLIAM MARTIN, OF TID-IOUTE, PENNSYLVANIA.

DEVICE FOR HEATING RAILROAD-CARS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters latent No. 267,009, dated November'7, 1882.

Application filed May 12, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VVILLIAIVI MARTIN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Tidioute, in the county of Warren and State of Pennsylvania,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Devices for HeatingRailway-Oars; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and fig-"iires of reference marked thereon, which form a part of thisspecification.

My invention relates to improvements in devices for heating railway-carsby steam; and it consists in the construction of a separate steam domeor reservoir secured to and made part of the boiler of the locomotive,and supplied with steam from pipes placed within the furnace, and heatedby the waste or spare heat used in generating steam in the locomotivefor driving the train to generate the steam for heating the cars, saidsteam being under the control of the engine-driver, and in the specialdevices or arrangement of parts for insuring a supply of steam at alltimes, whether the train is in motion or not, as will more fullyhereinafter appear.

Figure l is a view in perspective of a locomotive-boiler, with partsbroken away to show the heating-pipes within the f re-box. Fig. 2 is asectional top view above the heating-pipes. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectionalview on the line m w of Fig. 1. Fig. at is a view, partly in section andpartly in perspective, of two cars with my heating appliances therein.Fig. 5 is a top view, looking down on the bottom of the car.

Various and numerous devices have been heretofore proposed for theheating of railwaycars by steam taken direct from the locomotive'supplyand exhaust-steam therefrom, or by the use of special devices togenerate steam, both on the locomotive and on special cars of the train,provided for that purpose. It has also been proposed to heat the cars byair heated to the proper temperature by passing the air through pipesconnected with the furnace of the engine, or with special furnaces madefor this purpose; but these plans or devices are objectionable, for thereason that it is not convenient or expedient to draw the needed supplyfrom the engine, and this is most frequently the case at the time theheat in the cars is most needed, as in cases of snowstorms, snowblockades, and in climbing the inclined planes of mountain routes, &c. Aspecial car on the train for generating the supply of steam is alsoobjectionable, for the reason that in cases of accident, where the carstelescope, or where the cars are broken and piled together, the carstake fire and burn up, as has been experienced too often. The heatedairproject is also objectionable, for the reason that the supply of heatedair is only furnished to the cars while the train is in motion, unlessspecial fans or blowing devices are provided for forcing the air throughthe pipes; and, further, the pipes exposed to the heat of the furnacethrough which the air passes are liable to burn out rapidly.

In the drawings, I have shown a locomotive of the ordinary censtiuction, with awater-tank or steam-reservoir, A built on top of andseparate from the boiler in which the steam is generated for driving theengine. The lower sides of the tank A extend down over the boiler and alittle below the top of the furnace. I prefer to place the tank orreservoir A, as shown, immediately in front of the cab and directlyabove the tire-box or furnace, in the place usually occupied by thesteam-dome.

B B are a series of pipes, which pass through the upper portion of thefurnace, and are con nected at their ends to the lower or extendedportion, a, of the tank or reservoir, and the water in the tank iscirculated through and heated in the pipes 15. The water is forced intothe tank A by the engineinjector, it being connected with the tank aswell as with the engine-boiler. The upper portion of the tank forms asteam-dome, and is connected to the steam-dome B of the locomotive by apipe having a stop'cock, so they can blow off, one into the other, asoccasion may require.

D is a pipe (one or more may be used) connecting the tank or reservoir Awith a system of pipes or tubes, E, which are secured permanently to thecars, and through which the steam is conveyed to the cars, so that whenthecars and pipes are coupled together the steam received into the pipeor pipes D from joint, F, of peculiar construction.

the tank A will beforced through the whole train and into each car,Where suitable coils or registers may be constructed to radiate the heatin the car. For the sake of illustration I have shown the branch pipesor registers coiled on the bottom of the car, and they may be placedunder every seat, or placed more widely apart; but I mayfind it morepractical, convenient, or desirable to place the coils or registers inthe sides of the car.

For coupling the sections of pipes or tubes E together I. use aglobe-valve or universal This globevalve or universal joint or couplingforms the subject-matter of a separate application, May 1, 1882, and forwhich I lay no claim here. Suffice it to say that this globe-valve is soadapted and arranged that it will conform to the motion of the carswithout doing violence to the line of tubing, and is provided with asliding or telescopic section, so that the various sections of pipe canbe readily connected or disconnected, a stufiing-box being used forpacking around the sliding section.

The tank A may be provided with a safetyvalve to regulate the pressureof steam, and also with an indicator or gage to indicate the pressure ofsteam therein, and a valve for controlling the supply of steam, as isusual.

The pipes E may be provided with suitable valves, so that the escape ofsteam from the rear of the lrain will be prevented. Enlargements orreservoirs may also be placed to connect with the pipes E, for thepurpose of receiving or trapping the condensed steam. The pipes E mayalso be covered on their exposed portions with an asbestos or otherheat-retaining covering to prevent in a measure the condensation ofsteam.

This heating apparatus, it will be understood, is to be under thecontrol of the engineer,just as the air-brake is. If he sees danger hecan shutoolf steam-pressure and open a stop-cock, thus relieving thepipes in the cars of all pressure, and, should the cars be disconnectedor telescoped, the expansion or slipjoint of the pipe-coupling instantlydisconnects, thus making it impossible, in cases of accident, for anyperson in the cars to be burned by steam.

I am aware that it is not new to place a tank in the smoke box and stackof a steam-b0iler to utilize the Waste heat for heating air or Water.

I am also aware that acontinuous circuit or circuits of water-pipes forheating cars, extending from the fire-box of a locomotive through- I outthe train, and returning through the firebox, the water within-saidpipes being heated in passing through the tire-box, is not new, and suchI do not claim; but,

Having described my invention, what I claim 1. In a device for heatingrailway-cars, a tank or reservoir secured to and partially surroundingthe engine-boiler, for holding or collecting the steam supplied bywater-pipes located in the top of the furnace, substantially asdescribed, and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a device for heating railway-cars, the tank or reservoir A,provided with extensions a, which partially surround the boiler of thelocomotive, in combination with the pipes B B, located in the upperportion of the furnace, connec ing the said extensions a, and forming acontinuous conduit for the generation and passage of steam to thereservoir, as set forth.

3. Ina device for heating cars by steam, the combination ofthetank'orreservoirA,mounted on the engine-boiler, With the pipes B and D,as set forth.

4. In a device for heating railway-cars by steam, the combination of thetank or reservoir A, for collecting and holding the steam, secured toengine, with the pipes B D E and universal coupling F. g

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

' WVILLIAM MARTIN.

Witnesses:

L. G. HENRY, D. S. THoMPsoN.

